Before the Indiana Fever clinched their fifth consecutive victory, WNBA star Caitlin Clark achieved her fourth career triple-double, and Sophie Cunningham excelled with her three-point shooting. Prior to this game, Indiana Fever head coach Stephanie White stated she lacked sufficient scientific knowledge to address the issue of males competing in women’s sports.

Decades of biological and sports research have consistently confirmed certain physical advantages males develop after puberty. These advantages remain even when someone identifies as female.

Some of the most prominent biological differences include:

• Males typically have more lean muscle mass than females.
• Men possess about 30%-40% more upper-body strength on average.
• Post-puberty, males have higher testosterone levels, increasing muscle growth, power output, and strength gains.
• Men generally exhibit higher bone density, broader shoulders, and a longer reach.
• They often have a higher proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers, aiding in explosive speed and power.
• Larger hearts and lungs in males contribute to greater aerobic capacity.
• On average, males have a 10%-12% higher hemoglobin concentration, enhancing oxygen delivery during physical activity.
• A VO₂ max that is 15%-20% higher benefits males’ endurance performance.
• Stronger and larger tendons and ligaments in men enable the handling of increased force.
• Males usually have bigger skeletal frames, including larger hands and feet, which enhance leverage and power in various sports.
• Greater muscle mass and anaerobic power in males allow for faster recovery between maximal efforts.

These biological distinctions justify the separation of men’s and women’s sports categories. They underpin the existence of Title IX. Regardless of their dedication and talent, elite male athletes generally outperform elite female athletes in all areas, from sprinting to endurance.

Ensuring fairness and safety in women’s sports requires acknowledging biological sex. Coach White, you expressed a lack of understanding regarding this science, but now you have the information needed.

The discussion should focus on biology, physiology, and fair competition. Recognizing the risks of allowing men in women’s sports demonstrates support for women athletes. The science backing this stance has existed for ages.

It’s crucial for WNBA figures to prioritize the integrity of women’s sports, a league that is gaining recognition and profitability. Coach White, align with your player Sophie Cunningham. Support fairness and common sense, advocating for women and girls in athletics.